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Legal bodies of crime

Контрольна робота

№ K-19976

ВАРІАНТ №3
ПЛАН РОБОТИ
1. Прочитайте та письмово перекладіть текст.
2. Поставте 10 запитань до тексту.
3. Складіть речення зі словами, які підкреслені в тексті. Вкажіть час та спосіб, підкресліть підмет та присудок. Перекладіть речення .
4. Підберіть статтю на юридичну тему (на рідній мові). Напишіть англійською мовою про що говориться в статті (-20 речень). Стаття додається.
5. Напишіть розповідне , питальне (загальне, спеціальне) та заперечне речення в :
Present Indefinite Tense (Active Voice), (Passive Voice). Past Indefinite Tense (Active Voice), (Passive Voice). Future Indefinite Tense (Active Voice), ( Passive Voice). Напишіть переклад речень.
6. Напишіть тeмy About Myself "та не менше 8 речень англійською мовою чому ви поступили до ОДУВС
7. Список літератури.
8. Підпис.

Legal bodies of crime
Legal bodies of crimes may be classified according to various criteria. As to the degree of their social dangerousness one can distinguish: a) major corpus delicti -it characterises a crime of a certain type without special aggravating circumstances (qualifying features) and special mitigating circumstances (for instance, intentional homicide - paragraph 1 of Article 115, hooliganism - paragraph 1 of Article 296 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine); b) qualified corpus delicti - it specifies the type of a crime of a certain kind with special aggravating circumstances (qualifying features) (for instance, intentional homicide under aggravating circumstances -paragraph 2 of Article 115 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine); c) especially qualified corpus delicti - it specifies the type of a crime of a certain kind with special exceptionally aggravating circumstances (exceptionally, qualifying features, for instance, theft accompanied by unlawful penetration into a dwelling -paragraph 3 of Article 185 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine); d) privileged corpus delicti - it specifies the type of a crime of a certain kind with special mitigating circumstances (for instance, intentional homicide committed in the state of strong mental agitation - Article 116, intentional homicide of her newly-born baby by a mother -Article 117 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine).
In accordance with the peculiarities of the structure of the objective side of the corpus delicti one can distinguish: a) a material corpus delicti, when its consequences have been legislatively included into the objective side as its mandatory feature (for instance, the corpus delicti of all homicides - Articles 1 15-119, it also includes the so-called wrongs creating danger in which sui generis consequence of the act is the threat of its occurrence (see, for instance, paragraph 1 of Article 276 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine); b) a formal corpus delicti, when the consequences of an act have not been legislatively included into the objective side as its mandatory feature (for instance, the taking of a bribe - paragraph 1 of Article 368 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine); c) formal-material corpus delicti when consequences have been legislatively included into the objective side only as an alternative to the act itself; as a result thereof in one of its parts the crime is material, whereas in the other one it is formal (for instance, the body of the crime provided for by paragraph 4 of Article 152 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine - rape of a male or female youth is a formal body of the crime and the rape that caused especially grave consequences constitutes the material body of the crime).
In accordance with the manner of description of bodies of crimes in the criminal statute (according to the nature of their structure) one can distinguish: a) a simple body of a crime, when the statute describes an act which is single as to its content and is committed within the limits of one form of guilt (for instance, homicide -paragraph 1 of Article 1 15 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine); b) compound body of a crime when the statute describes several different as to, their content alternative acts that may be committed with various forms of guilt (for instance, a violation of the established rules for the production, manufacture, acquisition, keeping, release, recording, carriage or sending of poisonous or virulent substances which are not narcotic or psychotropic or analogues thereof-paragraph 2 of Article 321), in various ways (for instance, the careless destruction or damaging of another's property which entailed grave bodily the perishing of people
Article 196 or result in several consequences (for instance, intentional infliction of grave bodily injury that resulted in the victim's death - paragraph 2 of Article 121, illegal performance of an abortion that resulted in a prolonged impairment of health, infertility or death of the victim - paragraph 2 of Article 134 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine).
The North American criminal law doctrine uses the Latin term «corpus delicti» in its specific meaning.
Corpus delicti: The body of a crime. The body (material substance) upon which a crime has been committed, e.g., the corpse of a murdered man, the charred remains of a house burned down. In a derivative sense, the substance or foundation of a crime; the substantial fact that a crime has been committed (Black).
The Corpus Delicti of a Criminal Homicide The corpus delicti is the body of a crime or the material substance upon which the criminal act was committed. It is the corpse of the deceased, or his charred remains. The substantive fact that a crime has been committed is demonstrated by the physical substance upon which the material element was committed. In a homicide, it is the combination of the death and the criminal agency by which death resulted. The corpus delicti may be established by direct evidence or circumstantial evidence but it must be proven beyond a reasonable doubt (Bassiouni).
The corpus delicti is the objective proof that a crime has been committed.
Corpus delicti applies to every crime. In order for the state to introduce a confession or convict the accused it must prove a corpus delicti, the elements of which are first, the occurrence of the specific kind of injury or loss (as, in homicide, a person deceased); and secondly, somebody's criminality (in contrast, e.g. to a mere incident) as the source of the loss. These two together involve the commission of a crime by somebody. Only a. prima facie showing of the corpus delicti is necessary to admit a confession; Proof beyond a reasonable doubt is necessary if the corpus delicti is used to refer to all the elements of the crime charged (Gifis).
In order to define the elements of a crime, North American and English criminal law doctrines use Latin terms «actus reus» and «mens rea»

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